Aqueous-based,high-density nanoporous carbon xerogels with high specific surface area for supercapacitors

Journal of Porous Materials - Electrode materials with high density for assembling supercapacitors with high volumetric capacitance are urgently needed. Herein, nanoporous carbon xerogels (NPCXs)...     

Airborne spread of expiratory droplet nuclei between the occupants of indoor environments: A review

This article reviews past studies of airborne transmission between occupants in indoor environments, focusing on the spread of expiratory droplet nuclei from mouth/nose to mouth/nose for non‐specific diseases. Special attention is paid to summarizing what is known about the influential factors, the inappropriate simplifications of the thermofluid boundary conditions of thermal manikins, the challenges facing the available experimental techniques, and the limitations of available evaluation methods. Secondary issues are highlighted, and some new ways to improve our understanding of airborne transmission indoors are provided. The characteristics of airborne spread of expiratory droplet nuclei between occupants, which are influenced correlatively by both environmental and personal factors, were widely revealed under steady‐state conditions. Owing to the different boundary conditions used, some inconsistent findings on specific influential factors have been published. The available instrumentation was too slow to provide accurate concentration profiles for time‐dependent evaluations of events with obvious time characteristics, while computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies were mainly performed in the framework of inherently steady Reynolds‐averaged Navier‐Stokes modeling. Future research needs in 3 areas are identified: the importance of the direction of indoor airflow patterns, the dynamics of airborne transmission, and the application of CFD simulations.     

High-efficiency Silicon Solar Cells: A Review

Over the past few decades, crystalline silicon solar cells have been extensively studied due to their high efficiency, high reliability, and low cost. In addition, these types of cells lead the industry and account for more than half of the market. For the foreseeable future, Si will still be a critical material for photovoltaic devices in the solar cell industry. In this paper, we discuss key issues, cell concepts, and the status of recent high-efficiency crystalline silicon solar cells.     

纳米技术浮选技术研究进展

本文简述了微细粒矿物资源开发利用现状、纳米技术概况和纳米捕收剂的应用。介绍了纳米技术在微细粒矿物浮选中应用发展趋势。重点介绍了纳米气泡的基本性质、纳米药剂的合成以及纳米捕收剂应用现状。研究发现纳米气泡在微细粒浮选中可以大幅度提高浮选效率,尽可能减小气泡尺寸有利于细矿粒的浮选。纳米药剂的合成存在诸多困难,乳化合成是主要的纳米粒子的合成方法。应用纳米技术合成新型浮选药剂是未来的发展方向。     

Efficient separation of phenols from coal tar with aqueous solution of amines by liquid-liquid extraction

In this paper,a method of extracting phenols from coal tar by amines aqueous solution was proposed.The effects of various amines on the extraction properties of phenols in coal tar were researched from the views of molecular structure.The parameters such as molar ratio,concentration,extraction time and temperature for the extraction of coal tar by the monoethanolamine and ethylenediamine aqueous solu-tion were examined.The results show that the organic amine with more amino groups,hydroxyl struc-ture and strong electronegativity exhibited better extraction performance.Under the optimal conditions,the extraction yields of phenols in coal tar by the monoethanolamine or ethylenediamine aqueous solu-tion are above 80％,and the recovery yields of amines reach 99％.Furthermore,the probable geometries of complexes formed by the combination of phenols and organic amines were calculated by density func-tion theory.In addition,several thermodynamic models were evaluated through comparing the relative deviation of simulation results by ASPEN PLUS to the experimental ones,which provide feasibility ther-modynamic models for the simulation of extraction process.The present work affords a mild,efficient and green approach for the extraction of phenols from coal tar by an aqueous solution of amines in indus-try application.     

Preparation,electronic structure and optical properties of CoxLaMg1−xAl11O19 microcrystals

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - Co-doped LaMgAl11O19 microcrystals were synthesized by a facile sol–gel method. The as-synthesized microcrystals were near hexagonal...     

石英块料直接煅烧法生产方石英

阐述了石英块料直接煅烧法生产加工方石英的工艺特点。产品通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)测试,说明块料直接煅烧法生产的方石英具有转化率高、加工性能好、成本低等特点。     

含铟矿渣显微岩相分析

经显微岩相分析 ,结合 ISP及原子发射光谱分析确定了四种含铟矿渣粉样中的铟含量及可能的赋存状态。结果表明 ,铟主要以类质同象形式存在于矿物的晶格中 ,在锌矿渣中铟含量高达 0 .55% ,有较高的综合利用价值